References
Abiodun, O. A., Adewuya, A. O., and Esan, O. B. (2022). Psychiatric morbidity among adolescents in a Nigerian juvenile correctional facility. South African Journal of Psychiatry, 27(1), 1590. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v27i0.1590 Adefisoye, I. D., Adejumo, O. J., & Olufemi, D. B. (2024). Assessment of quality of life of inmates in Nigerian correctional centres: A systematic review. African Journal of Sociology, Psychology and Rural Studies, 4(2), 75. Adekanmbi, T. A., Ogunlade, A. O., and Adejumo, A. M. (2025). Dietary patterns, nutrient adequacy and influencing factors among inmates in Osun State, Nigeria. BMC Nutrition, 11(1), 23–34. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12306279/ Adesina, O. M., Oke, A. O., and Adeoye, B. (2022). Health challenges and service delivery in Nigerian correctional facilities: A review. African Journal of Health Studies, 12(3), 44–53. Adewole, O. A., Akinmoladun, A. A., and Omoniyi, W. I. (2026). Investigation of sustainability and profitability of correctional centers in Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 10(1), 4961–5000. Ajakaye, O. G., & Omidele, A. A. (2024). Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum and HBV coinfections among inmates at Owo Correctional Facility, Nigeria. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 48(1), 93. Akiyama, M. J., Spaulding, A. C., and Rich, J. D. (2020). Flattening the curve for incarcerated populations COVID-19 in jails and prisons. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(22), 2075–2077. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2005687 Aluko, O. O., Esan, T. A., and Agboola, O. M. (2022). How secured and safe is the sanitation and hygiene services in a maximum-security correctional facility in Southwest Nigeria? International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 37(3), 1132–1145. Awofeso, N. (2020). The state of prison health in Nigeria: A call for reform. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 23(4), 561–567. Brinkley-Rubinstein, L., and Cloud, D. (2021). Incarceration as a catalyst for worsening health. The Lancet Public Health, 6(4), e215–e216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468- 2667(21)00035-3 Cloud, D. H., Ahalt, C., Augustine, D., Sears, D., and Williams, B. (2020). Medical isolation and solitary confinement: Balancing health and humanity in US jails and prisons during COVID-19. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(9), 2738–2742. Daniel, J. A., Danjuma, L. H., and Dauda, H. K. (2026). Mental health disorders, staff preparedness, and resource adequacy in Nigerian correctional facilities: A mixed methods study in Kaduna State. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 10(6), 5887–5908. https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100600415 Dolan, K., Wirtz, A. L., Moazen, B., et al. (2022). Global burden of HIV, viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis in prisoners and detainees. The Lancet Public Health, 7(5), e374–e385. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(21)00304-3 Egbi, O. G., Oyedepo, D. S., Edeki, I. R., Aladeh, D. A., Ujah, T., Okpiri, J. D., ... & Mamven, M. (2024). SEROPREVALENCE OF HBsAg, HCV AND HIV AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN A CORRECTIONAL FACILITY IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA: A CROSS- SECTIONAL STUDY. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine, 22(2), 54. Ernest, O. O., Fehintola, V. A., and Odedokun, S. A. (2026). Mental health disorders and interventions among inmates in Nigerian correctional centres: A systematic review. International Journal of Academic Health and Medical Research, 10(1), 73–84 Eze, C. (2020). Health and human rights of prisoners in Nigeria. Journal of Correctional Health Care, 26(1), 54–61. Ibrahim, Y. A., and Olawale, A. B. (2023). Psychiatric morbidity among incarcerated individuals in an underserved region of Nigeria: Revisiting the unmet mental health needs in correctional services. Journal of Prison Psychology, 12(2), 47–58. Manna, S., Tripathy, S., Sah, R. K., Padhi, B. K., Kaur, S., Nowrouzi-Kia, B., & Chattu, V. K. (2022, October). The burden of non-communicable diseases among prisoners in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In Healthcare (Vol. 10, No. 10, p. 2046). MDPI. Moyo, A., & Naravage, W. (2024). EXPLORING STRATEGIES TARGETING THE SAVA SYNDEMIC IN PRISONS IN MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND SOUTH AFRICA THAT CAN BE TRANSPOSED TO THE ZIMBABWEAN CONTEXT (Doctoral dissertation, Thammasat University). Ogunlesi, A. A., Olorunfemi, O. J., and Eze, E. A. (2020). Depression and experience of incarceration in North Central Nigeria: A situation analysis at Makurdi medium security prison. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 14(12), 1–9. Okareh, O. T., Ogunseye, A. O., and Ojo, B. A. (2023). Sanitary conditions and inmates’ knowledge and attitude towards hygiene practices in Oyo State correctional facilities. Nigerian Health Sciences Journal, 23(2), 87–95. Okoh, F. O., Eke, N., and Nwankwo, C. (2022). Health education as a tool for curbing the spread of COVID-19 among prison inmates in Delta State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 6(3), 111–118. Olatunji, K. O., Aderibigbe, A. Y., and Bamidele, F. A. (2023). Sanitary conditions and inmates’ knowledge and attitude towards hygiene practices in a maximum-security prison in Oyo State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Health Sciences, 19(2), 69 78. Olutayo, D., & Thanni, A. (2025). Health Rights of Inmates of Correctional Institutions in Nigeria during Endemic Periods: Challenges and Policy Responses. AJLHR, 9, 41. Santorso, S. (2025). Harm and governance of prisons’ systemic overcrowding. Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 15(4), 1185-1209. Simes, J. T., Western, B., & Lee, A. (2022). Mental health disparities in solitary confinement. Criminology, 60(3), 538-575. Suwankhong, D., & Liamputtong, P. (2025). Aging and Health Promotion. In Handbook of Concepts in Health, Health Behavior and Environmental Health (pp. 1-17). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. UNODC and NACA. (2024, March 26). HIV prevalence in Nigerian prisons twice the national average. This Day Live. https://www.thisdaylive.com/2024/03/26/unodc-report-hiv- prevalence-in-nigerian-prisons-twice-national-average/ World Health Organization. (2023). Global report on health equity and sustainable development. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240073815 Yakubu, H., Danladi, S., and Ahmed, M. (2023). Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among inmates of Jos Correctional Services, Nigeria. Microbes and Infectious Diseases Journal, 4(2), 267–274. https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article267234.
