IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

International Journal of Engineering and Modern Technology (IJEMT )

E-ISSN 2504-8848
P-ISSN 2695-2149
VOL. 11 NO. 5 2025
DOI: 10.56201/ijemt.vol.11.no5.2025.pg173.217

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Improving the Performance of Ad-Hoc Network Using Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Technique

Nnamdi Ahuchaogu, and EN Aneke,

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Abstract

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are an emerging class of network architectures that are characterized by their highly dynamic topology, limited resources (i.e bandwidth and power), and lack of fixed infrastructure. The primary motivation for such networks is increased flexibility and mobility. There are number of paths in ad hoc network for communication between the nodes and selection of the shortest path from those paths is one of the key issues. One of the particularly important networking issues in mobile ad hoc network is Routing. This research explores the use of bandwidth estimation and path selection model in determining the transmission paths with the minimum and maximum delay metric. Furthermore, the delay metrics was identified to be above the threshold of ? 5ms. A modified shortest path algorithm using an Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Technique was developed to reduce the delay, routing over-head caused by flooding, and mitigate the re-routing problems in ad hoc network. A database was also developed using Microsoft structured query language software and class C Internet Protocol (IP) address to enhance easy identification and accessibility of files by the nodes and to checkmate intruders to the network using their Media Access Control (MAC) address. A performance improvement of about 5% was recorded as shown in the simulation result. The developed algorithm has a smaller end-to-end delay when compared to existing ones as it provided a reduced delay metric and enhanced the performance of ad hoc network when implemented. A moderate packet size should be used in ad hoc networks since a larger packet size take a higher time for transmission.

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APPENDIX
SIMULATION CODES
%Effects of transmission Rate on link transmission delay for four hops
%(with average link bandwidth in simple network configuration)
x = [6126600 15389000 43750000 50000000];
y = [0.012592 0.005221 0.004721 0.004077];
plot(x, y)
gridon
xlabel('Transmission Rate (Bits/sec)')
ylabel('Link delay (microSecs)')
%Effects of transmission Rate on link transmission delay for four hops
%(with minimum scale bandwidth in complex network configuration)
x = [56000 64000 64000 150000 150000];
y = [2.735596 2.735596 0.117884 0.117887 0.117887];
plot(x, y)
gridon
xlabel('Transmission Rate (Bits/sec)')
ylabel('Link delay (microSecs)')
%Effects of transmission Rate on link transmission delay for four hops and
%five hops with average link bandwidth in simple network configuration)
x1 = [6126600 15389000 43750000 50000000];
x2 = [3202400 383000];
y1 = [0.012592 0.005221 0.004721 0.004077];
y2 = [0.006051 0.006998];
plot(x1, y1, 'k', x2, y2, 'r')
gridon
xlabel('Transmission Rate (Bits/sec)')
ylabel('Link delay (microSecs)')
legend('Four Hops', 'Five Hops')
%Effects of transmission Rate on link transmission delay for four hops and
%five hops with minimum link bandwidth in complex network configuration)
x1 = [6126600 15389000 43750000 50000000];
x2 = [3202400 383000];
y1 = [0.012592 0.005221 0.004721 0.004077];
y2 = [0.006051 0.006998];
plot(x1, y1, 'k', x2, y2, 'r')
gridon
xlabel('Transmission Rate (Bits/sec)')
ylabel('Link delay (microSecs)')
legend('Four Hops', 'Five Hops')
%Effects of Packet Size on link transmission delay for four hops
%(with minimum scale bandwidth in complex network configuration)
x = [10000 15000 20000];
y = [0.004077 0.004721 0.005221];
plot(x, y)
gridon
xlabel('Packet Size (Bytes)')
ylabel('Link delay (microSecs)')

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