IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (RJPST )

E-ISSN 2579-0536
P-ISSN 2695-2696
VOL. 8 NO. 5 2025
DOI: 10.56201/rjpst.vol.8.no5.2025.pg1.9

---

Determination of Heavy Metals Level in Senna Obtusifolia Growing on Dumpsite and Its Health Effect in Yola Metropolis

Zubainatu Abba, Ibrahim A Inuwa, Shitu Mohammed, Fatimah S Magaji

---

Abstract

Senna obtusifolia is a plant species with a wealth of medicinal properties. However, its growth on farmland, polluted dumpsites and poses a risk to human health. This research study is aim at determination of heavy metals and will also highlighted the level of concentration of heavy metals in Senna obtusifolia growing on dumpsites and its health effect in Yola Metropolis. The Senna obtusifolia samples will be collected from different locations on the dumpsite. The samples will be dried and ground into a fine powder and the heavy metals will be extracted from the samples using hydrochloric acid digestion or other extraction procedures. The concentration of heavy metals in the samples will be measure using analytical techniques, such as atomic absorption spectrometry or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The analysis of the result revealed the following: Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), and Iron (Fe) were not detected (ND) in either the farm land or the dump site, indicating no contamination from these potentially harmful metals. Zinc (Zn) concentrations were similar in both locations, with 0.20 mg/kg in the farm land and 0.23 mg/kg in the dump site. These values are low and within safe, natural levels for soil. Copper (Cu) concentrations were also low, with 0.18 mg/kg in the farm land and 0.22 mg/kg in the dump site, suggesting no copper contamination. the results show that both the farm land and dump site have minimal heavy metal contamination, with levels of the metals tested being very low and not posing any immediate environmental or health risks.

---

References:

Azubuike, C. C., Chikere, C. B., & Okpokwasili, G. C. (2016). Bioremediation techniques–
bioremediation of soil pollutants. In Recent Advancements in Bioremediation of Metal
Contaminants (pp. 54-71). IGI Global.
Bu-Olayan, A. H., & Thomas, B. V. (2009). Translocation and bioaccumulation of trace
metals
Cadavid, D., Mellion, M., Hupperts, R., Edwards, K. R., Calabresi, P. A., Drulovi?, J., ... &
cardiovascular disease-A systematic review. Environmental Health Perspective.115,
472–482
Chaney, Toghraie, D., Karami, A., Afrand, M., & Karimipour, A. (2018). Effects of
geometric
Chemistry
(12):1161-1208
https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867053764635classification based on site of application:
principles, advantages, limitations and prospects. World Journal of Microbiology and
Biotechnology, 32, 1-18.
D'amour, D., & Oandasan, I. (2005). Interprofessionality as the field of interprofessional
Dirar, H. A., Harper, D. B., and Collins, M. A. (1985). Bio- chemical and microbiological
Eastern Nuba Mountains. Khar- toum University Press.
El Ghazali, G. E. (1987). Medicinal Plants of the Sudan. Part II. Medicinal Plants of the
from an old smeltery pollution site: Effects on plant growth and medicinal properties.
Science of the Total Environment 508: 514-521.
Gupta, N., Gaurav., S.S., Kumar, A. (2013). Molecular Basis of Aluminium Toxicity in
Henry, L. Younossi, Z., Anstee, Q. M., Marietti, M., Hardy, T., Eslam, M., ... & Bugianesi, E.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms161226183
Human Health: MechanisticInsight into Toxicity and Counter Defense Systemof
Antioxidants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences,16: 29592–29630;
in desert plants of Kuwait Governorates. Research Journal of Environmental
Sciences, 3(5), 581-587.
irrigated with waste water in share return and toxicological implication. American–
Eurasian Journal of Agricultural environmental science, 4, 86-92
Jan, A.T Azam, M., Siddiqui, K., Ali, A., Choi, I and Haq, Q.M.R (2015). Heavy Metals and
Kabata-Pendias, A. (2001). Trace metals in soils-a current issue in Poland. Acta Universitatis
Karigar., Rao Nyika, J. M. (2018). The use of microorganism-derived enzymes for
Laura DK and Susan H, 2009. Early kidney damage in population exposed to cadmium and
metal pollution with environmental physicochemical parameters in wastewater of
Kocabas Stream (Biga, Canakkale, Turkey) by ICP – AES. Environmental Monitoring
and Assessment, 127(1-3): 389-397.
Mohsen B and Salisu S, 2008. Investigation of metals accumulation in some vegetables
Navas-Acien, A.; Guallar, E.; Silbergeld, E.K.; Rothenberg, S.J. (2007) Pb exposure and
Niazi NK, Singh B, and van der Zee SEATM, 2015. The synergistic effects of food
waste
Odoemelam SA, Asiribo OE, Dauda KT, and Ojo S, 2017. Heavy metal contamination of
other metals. Journal of Environmental Health Perspective, 117, 181-184.
overview. Indian journal of pharmacology, 43(3), 246.
parameters on the performance of solar chimney power plants. Energy, 162, 1052-
Phillips, B. (2019). The shifting border between perception and cognition. Noûs, 53(2), 316-
Pierzynski, G. M. (2000). Methods of phosphorus analysis for soils, sediments, residuals, and
waters. Plants: A Review. American Journal of Plant Science 4: 21–37.
practice and interprofessional education: An emerging concept. Journal of
interprofessional care, 19(sup1), 8-20.
Singh, R., Gautam, N., Mishra, A., & Gupta, R. (2011). Heavy metals and living systems: An
soils and plants on a Nigerian solid waste dumpsite: Implications for public health.
Journal of Health and Pollution 7(13): 79-87.
Tchounwou, P. B., Yedjou, C. G., Patlolla, A. K., and Sutton, D. J. (2012). Heavy metals
toxicity and the environment. EXS 101, 133–164.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-
7643-8340-4_6,
Valko M, Morris H, MTD C. (2005) Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Current Medicinal
Wickens, G. E. (1976). Jebel Marra. Her Majesty's Stationery OfÆce, London
Wratislaviensis. Prace Botaniczne, 79, 13-20.
Yayintas, O. T., YiLmaz, S., Turkoglu, M., & Dilgin, Y. (2007). Determination of heavy
Zhang X, Li Z, Chen H, and Liu X, 2015. Heavy metal accumulation in medicinal plants
Zielinski, T. (2019). Safety and efficacy of opicinumab in patients with relapsing
multiple sclerosis (SYNERGY): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. The
Lancet Neurology, 18(9), 845-856.

DOWNLOAD PDF

---

Back