IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL POLICY (JHSP )

E-ISSN 2545-5729
P-ISSN 2695 2416
VOL. 11 NO. 3 2025
DOI: 10.56201/jhsp.vol.11.no3.2025.pg186.192

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Exploring Paganism and Indigenous Spirituality: The Evolution of Igbo Religious Practices in Southeastern Nigeria

Ignatius Nnaemeka Onwuatuegwu PhD

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Abstract

This article explores the intricate relationship between paganism and the original religious practices of the Igbo people of southeastern Nigeria, challenging the conventional understanding of paganism within this unique cultural context. It begins by defining paganism as a polytheistic, nature-based belief system that historically connotes abominable practices, especially in relation to the Igbo's own spiritual heritage, characterized by worship of the Supreme Deity, ancestor veneration, and diverse deities governing natural forces. Through an examination of the historical inception of paganism in Igboland, the study highlights the influence of external groups, such as the Igala, in propagating cultic practices which initially conflicted with the Igbo’s traditional customs. The paper further explores the institution of idols – delineating the gruesome rituals involved in idol creation and covenant binding – and discusses the consequential fragmentation of Igbo society and the social rivalries arising from diverse idol worship. Additionally, it offers insights into methods employed by the community to undo the influence of idols, emphasizing the potential for renunciation in reclaiming cultural identity. The article consistently emphasizes the need for a genuine understanding of these beliefs and practices, suggesting strategies that combine cultural appreciation with contemporary spiritual frameworks to promote harmony and continuity in Igbo society in the face of challenges from neo-paganism.

keywords:

Paganism, Igbo Religion, Ancestor Veneration, Cultism, Idol Worship.

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