IIARD International Institute of Academic Research and Development

International Journal of Engineering and Modern Technology (IJEMT )

E-ISSN 2504-8848
P-ISSN 2695-2149
VOL. 11 NO. 3 2025
DOI: 10.56201/ijemt.vol.11.no3.

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The Impact of Solar Energy Expansion on Rural Electrification in Africa

Bamidele Paul Akinbamiwa Raymond Edward Ereh Shereef Pelumi Gbadamosi Akinbobola Sunday Oluwagbemileke

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Abstract

Energy poverty remains a critical barrier to socioeconomic development in rural Africa, where millions lack access to reliable electricity. This study explores the state of rural electrification, the consequences of dependence on traditional energy sources, and the potential of solar energy as a viable solution. Using a qualitative secondary research methodology, the study synthesizes data from scholarly articles, institutional reports, and case studies across various African nations, including Kenya, Rwanda, and Tanzania. Findings reveal that decentralized solar solutions, such as mini-grids and standalone solar home systems, offer scalable and cost- effective alternatives to grid expansion. However, challenges such. Ydf as high upfront costs, weak regulatory frameworks, and limited financing mechanisms hinder widespread adoption. Innovative financing models, including pay-as-you-go (PAYG) schemes and microcredit financing, have demonstrated success in increasing energy affordability, while public-private partnerships (PPPs) have facilitated large-scale solar electrification projects. The study concludes that achieving universal energy access in rural Africa requires strengthened institutional support, policy harmonization, and increased investment in decentralized renewable energy solutions. Policy recommendations include government-led subsidy programs, tax International Journal of Engineering and Modern Technology (IJEMT) E-ISSN 2504-8848 P-ISSN 2695-2149 Vol 11. No. 3 2025 www.iiardjournals.org Online Version IIARD – International Institute of Academic Research and Development Page 187 incentives for solar enterprises, and enhanced regulatory frameworks to encourage private sector participation. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainable energy transitions by providing policy insights and strategic recommendations for accelerating rural electrification efforts in Africa.

keywords:

Rural Electrification, Solar Energy, Energy Poverty, Sustainable Development,

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